What is organizational citizenship behavior?

Organizational citizenship behavior refers to those voluntary actions and behaviors exhibited by employees that go beyond their formal job responsibilities and contribute positively to the overall functioning and effectiveness of the organization. These behaviors are not mandated by job descriptions or dictated by management, but rather stem from employees' willingness to help others, engage in teamwork, advocate for the organization, and create a more productive work environment.

When employees display such proactive and altruistic behaviors, they help foster a positive workplace culture, improve morale, and facilitate collaboration among colleagues, which ultimately enhances overall organizational effectiveness. This concept underscores the importance of interpersonal relationships and the collective contributions of employees to the success of the organization, distinguishing it from obligatory or strictly regulated behaviors.